Abstract: Objective: To observe the clinical effect of Jianpi Yangxin Yizhi tang for senile vascular dementia(VD). Methods:A total of 80 cases of senile VD patients were divided into the control group and the observation group according to the random number table method, 40 cases in each group. Both groups were given basic treatment for cerebrovascular disease; the control group was additionally treated with nimodipine tablets, and the observation group was additionally treated with Jianpi Yangxin Yizhi tang. Before and after treatment, the scores of Montreal Cognitive Assessment(MoCA), Mini-Mental State Examination(MMSE) and Activities of Daily Living Scale(ADL),and the levels of matrix metalloproteinase- 9(MMP-9) in serum and brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF) in the two groups were compared. The clinical effect was evaluated. Results:The total effective rate was 87.50% in the observation group,higher than that of 67.5% in the control group, the difference being significant(P<0.05). Before treatment, there was no significant difference being found in the comparison of scores of MMSE,MoCA and ADL between the two groups(P>0.05). After treatment,the scores of MMSE and MoCA in the two groups were increased when compared with those before treatment, and the ADL scores were decreased;the scores of MMSE and MoCA in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,and the ADL score was lower; differences being significant(P<0.05). Before treatment, there was no significant difference being found in the comparison of levels of MMP- 9 and BDNF between the two groups(P>0.05). After treatment, the MMP- 9 levels in the two groups were decreased when compared with those before treatment, and the BDNF levels were increased; the MMP- 9 level in the observation group was lower than that in the control group, and the BDNF level was higher;differences being significant(P<0.05). Conclusion:Jianpi Yangxin Yizhi tang for senile VD patients has better effect than simple western medicine and better clinical value,which can significantly improve their intelligence,cognitive levels and quality of life with no adverse reaction.