Abstract：Objective：To observe the effect of Buyang Huanwu tang combined with lipoic acid on the level of C-peptide and antioxidant capacity in patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Methods： A total of 104 cases of patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy were divided into the control group and the observation group according to the random number table method， 52 cases in each group. The control group was given basic treatment combined with lipoic acid， and the observation group was additionally treated with Buyang Huanwu tang based on the treatment of the control group. The nerve conduction velocity，oxidative stress parameters，and the levels of C-peptide and hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c) in the two groups were detected. The incidence of adverse reactions was observed. The clinical effect was counted. Results：The total effective rate was 90.38% in the observation group，higher than that of 73.08% in the control group，the difference being significant (P＜0.05). After treatment， the levels of motor nerve conduction velocity(MNCV) and sensory nerve conduction velocity (SNCV) of median nerve and general peroneal nerve in the two groups were increased when compared with those before treatment(P＜0.05)，and the above levels in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(P＜0.05). After treatment， the levels of HbA1c in the two groups were increased when compared with those before treatment， and the levels of fasting C- peptide(FC- P) and postprandial 2h C- peptide(2hC- P) in the observation group were increased when compared with those before treatment， differences being significant(P＜0.05). After treatment， the level of 2hC- P in the observation group was higher than that in the control group，and the level of HbA1c was lower than that in the control group， differences being significant(P＜0.05). After treatment， the level of total antioxidant capacity(T- AOC) and superoxide dismutase(SOD) in the two groups were increased when compared with those before treatment， and the levels of malondialdehyde(MDA) were decreased， differences being significant(P＜0.05). After treatment， the levels of T- AOC and SOD in the observation group were higher than those in the control group，and the level of MDA was lower(P＜0.05). There was no significant difference being found in the comparison of the adverse reactions between the two groups(χ 2=0.210， P=0.247). Conclusion：The therapy of Buyang Huanwu tang combined with lipoic acid has significant curative effect in treating diabetic peripheral neuropathy， which can regulate the levels of 2hC- P in serum and HbA1c， improve T- AOC， reduce oxidative stress injury，and restore damaged nerve，with high safety.