Abstract： Objective： To observe the clinical effect of modified Jingui Shenqi prescription based on routine western medicine for lowering blood glucose for senile diabetes and its effect on HPA axis. Methods：A total of 117 cases of senile patients with diabetes were randomly divided into the Chinese medicine group and the control group，67 and 50 cases in each group respectively. The control group was given routine western medicine for lowering blood glucose， and the Chinese medicine group was additionally given modified Jingui Shenqi prescription based on the treatment of the control group. Both groups were treated for three months. Body Mass Index(BMI)， the levels of glycosylated hemoglobinA1c(HbA1c)， fasting blood glucose(FBG) and fasting insulin(FINS)， as well as Insulin Sensitivity Index(ISI) before and after treatment were observed and compared between the two groups；the changes in levels of norepinephrine(NE) and dopamine(DA) in plasma， and adrenocorticotropic hormone(ACTH) and cortisol(CORT) in serum before and after treatment were detected in the two groups；the clinical effect of Chinese medicine syndromes was compared between the two groups. Results：The clinical total effective rate of Chinese medicine syndromes was 88.05% in the Chinese medicine group and 62.00% in the control group， the difference being significant(P＜0.05). When compared with those in the same group before treatment， the levels of HbA1c，FBG and FINS in serum and ISI in the Chinese medicine group were significantly improved(P＜0.05)；the levels of FBG and ISI in the control group were significantly improved(P＜0.05). When compared with that in the control group after treatment，the improvement of levels of BMI，HbA1c，FINS and ISI in the Chinese medicine group was more significant(P＜ 0.05). When compared with those that in the same group before treatment，the levels of NE，DA，ACTH and CORT in serum in the Chinese medicine group were significantly improved(P＜0.05)； in the control group， only the level of CORT in the control group was significantly improved(P＜0.05). When compared with that in the control group after treatment， the improvement of levels of NE and CORT in serum in the Chinese medicine group was more significant(P＜0.05). Conclusion： Based on routine western medicine， modified Jingui Shenqi prescription has significant curative effect in treating senile diabetes.