Abstract：Objective：To observe the changes in weight，indexes of glucose and lipid metabolism，and central aortic pressure in children and adolescents with different levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D in serum. Methods：A total of 800 cases of children and adolescents were selected as the study objects，and divided into three groups according to different levels of 25- hydroxyvitamin D in serum，namely Group A(the normal group with 270 cases)，Group B(the insufficiency group with 265 cases)，and Group C( the deficiency group with 265 cases). The obesity rate，indexes of glucose metabolism including fasting blood glucose(FBG)， glycosylated hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c)， and C- peptide(C- P)， indexes of lipid metabolism， namely triglyceride(TG)，low density lipoprotein(LDL)，and high density lipoprotein(HDL)，and central aortic pressure were compared among the three groups； the detection results were compared among children and adolescents at different degrees of deficiency(<25 nmol/L and ≥25 nmol/L) in Group C. Results：In Group C，the concentration of HDL was 1.35±0.12 mmol/L， lower than those in Group A and B；the obesity rate was 17.74%；indexes of glucose metabolism [FPG(4.87±0.45) mmol/L， HbA1c(4.98±0.72)%，and C-P(1.40±0.28) μg/L]，other indexes of lipid metabolism [TG(1.78±0.31) mmol/L and LDL(2.40± 0.31) mmol/L]， and central aortic pressure(113.63 ± 5.63) mm Hg were higher than those in Group A and Group B； differences were significant(P＜0.05). When compared the obesity rate，central aortic pressure，and indexes of glucose and lipid metabolism among children and adolescents at different degrees of deficiency in Group C，there was significance in differences(P＜0.05). Conclusion： Children and adolescents deficient in 25- hydroxyvitamin D has lower HDL， as well as higher weight，indexes of glucose and lipid metabolism，and central aortic pressure. The deficiency of 25-hydroxyvitamin D is probably relevant to obesity and abnormal metabolism of glucose and lipid in children and adolescents，which has certain effect on their blood pressure. For children and adolescents，it is possibly beneficial to maintain the normal level of vitamin D.