Abstract： Objective： To discuss the correlation between the distribution rules of Chinese medicine constitution of college students of different genders and their physical health test. Methods： The Constitution in Chinese Medicine Questionnaire was used to analyze the features of distribution of Chinese medicine constitution in a randomly selected sample of 420 male and 654 female students of grade 2018 from Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine. According to National Students Physical Health Standard， physical health test was performed from three aspects， namely body shape[height， body mass， body mass index(BMI)]， physical function(vital capacity)， and physical quality(standing long jump， longdistance running，pull-up or sit-up，short-distance running). The correlation between Chinese medicine constitution types of undergraduates of different genders and scores of National Students Physical Health Test was analyzed. Results：When compared with male undergraduates， female undergraduates had a higher proportion of yang deficiency constitution， phlegm- dampness constitution and blood stasis constitution(P＜0.05， P＜0.01)， and a lower proportion of moderate constitution(P＜0.01). When compared with male undergraduates，female undergraduates had lower scores of height，body mass，vital capacity，short- distance running，long- distance running and standing long jump as well as the total score of physical health test(P＜0.05，P＜0.01)；scores of BMI，sit and reach，as well as sit-up or pull-up were higher than those of male undergraduates(P＜0.01). There were positive correlations between qi deficiency constitution and height， as well as between yang deficiency constitution and standing long jump in male undergraduates(P＜0.05)； there were negative correlations between phlegm- dampness constitution and body mass， between phlegm- dampness constitution and BMI， between qi depression constitution and sit and reach，as well as between yang deficiency constitution and sit and reach(P＜ 0.05). In female undergraduates， there were positive correlations between moderate constitution and standing long jump， between qi deficiency constitution and height， vital capacity， short distance running， and between phlegm- dampness constitution and weight，BMI(P＜0.05，P＜0.01)；there were negative correlations between qi deficiency constitution and weight，standing long jump，long distance running，and between blood stasis constitution，yang deficiency constitution and standing long jump(P＜0.05，P＜0.01). When compared with female undergraduates，male undergraduates with moderate constitution had higher BMI，larger vital capacity and longer distance of standing long jump(P＜0.05，P＜0.01)；the higher the scores of moderate constitution of different genders，the better the physical test scores；the higher the scores of eight types of biased constitution，the worse the physical test scores. Conclusion：Grade 2018 undergraduates have a relatively high proportion of biased constitution. Chinese medicine constitution types and scores of National Students Physical Health Test show a relatively high correlation. In order to improve the physical health of college students and promote the common development of body and mind， methods to strengthen the body should be varied according to genders and constitution types.