Abstract：Objective：To observe the clinical effect of the therapy of Yishen Lishi Paidu tang combined with alprostanil on chronic renal failure. Methods：A total of 84 patients with chronic renal failure were selected and randomly divided into the study group and the control group， 42 cases in each group. Both groups were given symptomatic treatment； the control group was treated with alprostadil，and the study group was additionally given Yishen Lishi Paidu tang based on the treatment of the control group. Both groups were treated for two weeks. The Chinese medicine syndrome scores，indexes related to kidney function and blood lipid were compared between the two groups before and after treatment，and the clinical effect in the two groups was compared. Results： After treatment，the Chinese medicine syndrome scores in the study group were lower than those in the control group(P＜0.05). After treatment，there was no significant difference in the comparison of 24 h urinary protein between the two groups(P＞0.05)； the levels of serum creatinine(SCR)， blood urea nitrogen(BUN)， triglyceride(TG) and total cholesterol(TC) in the study group were lower than those in the control group(P＜0.05)，and the 24 h urine volume was larger than that in the control group(P＜0.05). The total effective rate was 88.1% in the study group，higher than that of 61.9% in the control group(P＜0.05). Conclusion： The therapy of Yishen Lishi Paidu tang combined with alprostanil can significantly improve the clinical symptoms， kidney function and blood lipid indexes of patients with chronic renal failure.