Abstract： Objective： To observe the effect of Guipi tang on curative effect and cognitive function of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Methods：A total of 102 cases of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder of heart-spleen deficiency type were randomly divided into two groups according to computer number table method. The control group(51 cases) was given routine western medicine，and the experiment group(51 cases) was additionally treated with Guipi tang based on the treatment of the control group. Behavioral ability，curative effect of symptoms and the level of cognitive function were compared between the two groups. Results： When compared with those in the same group before treatment， each score of Chinese version of Conners Parents Symptom Questionnaire (PSQ) in the two groups was decreased after treatment(P＜0.05)，and each score of Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children(WISC-CR) was increased(P＜ 0.05). After treatment，when compared with those in the control group ，each score of PSQ in the experiment group was lower(P＜0.05)，and each score of WISC- CR was higher(P＜0.05). After treatment，the total effective rate was 88.24% in the experiment group， higher than that of 70.59% in the control group(P＜0.05). Conclusion： Guipi tang has significant curative effect in the treatment of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder of heart- spleen deficiency type，and conduces to improvement of their behavioral ability and cognitive function.