Abstract： Fromtracing the source from disease differentiation and inheritance innovation of pathogenesis， it is considered that the dual deficiency of spleen and kidney is the main pathogenesis of aplastic anemia and runs through the whole course of the disease. The treatments includecombined treatment of spleen and kidney and harmony of yin and yang； harmonizing qi and blood as well as activating blood；tonifying deficiency and soothing the liver as well as nourishing yin and clear heat for long-standing diseases；differentiating internal damage and external contraction of fever，and adhering to the integrated Chinese and western medicine therapy. In this paper，Gao Ping's clinical experience in treating aplastic anemia is introduced through the treatment method in one medical case.