瑶药搜山虎生药学研究
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R282.5

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广西科技创新能力与条件建设计划项目(桂科能12237021)


Study on Pharmacognosy of Root of Chinese Atropanthe in Yao Minority Medicine
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    摘要:

    目的:建立瑶药搜山虎的生药鉴定方法。方法:考查本草文献记载和附图,野外调查搜山虎药材的原植物来源,通过实地调研及咨询瑶医使用搜山虎药材植物来源情况,通过产地瑶医及草医收集搜山虎药材原植物标本,核对药材原植物标本和咨询分类专家,并对搜山虎的原植物形态、药材性状、组织和粉末显微特征及薄层色谱等进行生药学研究。结果:产地及野外调查表明瑶医和草医使用的搜山虎药材植物基原是芸香科岭南花椒的根和茎。其根表面具细纵纹,可见近圆形或椭圆形的皮孔样横向突起;茎表面有皮孔和鼓丁状皮刺。根横切面有木栓细胞数列,皮层中有草酸钙方晶和油细胞散在;韧皮部外侧有中柱鞘纤维数个相聚并断续排列成环;木质部木射线1~4 列细胞,导管单个或2~5 个相连。茎横切面韧皮部外侧中柱鞘纤维稀疏并断续排列成环,木部宽广,有髓。根、茎粉末鉴定显示韧皮纤维多单个,呈长梭形,孔沟明显;纤维成束,周围薄壁细胞含草酸钙方晶形成晶纤维;草酸钙方晶大量散在,成行或成片存在于薄壁细胞中;具缘纹孔导管多见。薄层色谱鉴定结果显示二甲苯-乙酸乙酯(15∶1) 为最佳的展开系统。结论:应用建立的基原、性状、显微、薄层色谱等中药鉴定方法能够有效鉴定搜山虎药材,为搜山虎新药材质量标准的制定及搜山虎药材的开发利用提供了理论依据。

    Abstract:

    Abstract: Objective:To establish an identification method for the crude herb of the root of Chinese atropanthe in Yao minority medicine. Methods:The medica literature and the appended drawings were examined. The original plants of root of Chinese atropanthe were surveyed through field investigation. Through the field investigation and consultation on the use of root of Chinese atropanthe by the physicians of Yao minority,the plant source was investigated. The original plant specimens were collected under the help of the local physicians of Yao minority and grass- root physicians, and the original plant specimens were checked. And then the authors consulted classified experts and carried out a pharmacogenomic study on the original plant morphology, medicinal characters, microscopic characteristics of tissue and powder and thin- layer chromatography. Results: The origin and field investigation showed that the plant origin of the root of Chinese atropanthe used by physicians of Yao minority and grass-root physicians was the root and stem of Zanthoxylum austrosinense Huang. Its root surface,with fine longitudinal lines,could be seen nearly round or oval lenticel- like transverse protruding;the stem surface had lenticels and bulging prickles. In the cross section of the root,there were several lines of cork cells,and calcium oxalate crystal and oil cells scattered in the cortex;lateral to phloem,several pericycle fibers gathered and lined intermittently in a ring; and there were one to four rows of cells under Xylem ray, and single or two to five tubes connected. In cross section of stem, the lateral pericyst fibers of phloem were sparse and intermittently lined into rings; the wood part was broad and pith. The root and stem powder identification showed that the phloem fibers were mostly single, with long fusiform shape and obvious pore and groove; the fibers were bundled, and surrounding cells contained calcium oxalate square crystals and form crystal fibers. Calcium oxalate cubes were scattered in large quantities, in rows or in sheets, in parenchyma cells; and marginal perforated conduits were common. The thin- layer chromatography results showed that xylene- ethyl acetate(15:1) is the best developing system. Conclusion: The established Chinese medicine identification methods, such as origin basis, character, microscopy and thin- layer chromatograph, can effectively identify the root of Chinese atropanthe,which provides a theoretical basis for the establishment of quality standards of new the root of Chinese atropanthe and the development and utilization of it.

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钟小清,卢志标,唐倩,吕高荣,刘曲山.瑶药搜山虎生药学研究[J].新中医,2021,53(12):6-10

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  • 在线发布日期: 2021-06-23
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