Abstract： Objective： To observe the clinical effect of Shashen Maidong tang combined with pranoprofen for xerophthalmia. Methods：A total of 160 cases of patients with xerophthalmia were divided into the observation group and the control group according to the random number table method， 80 cases in each group. The control group was treated with pranoprofen eye drops， and the observation group was additionally treated with Shashen Maidong tang based on the treatment of the control group. After four-week treatment，the breakup time of tear film (BUT) and the levels of visual acuity and thymic stromal lymphopoietin(TSLP) before and after treatment as well as the clinical effect in the two groups were observed and compared. Results：The total effective rate was 95.00% in the observation group and 78.75% in the control group，the difference being significant(P＜0.05). Before treatment，there were no significant difference being found in the comparison of visual acuity (hyperopia and myopia) levels，BUT and TSLP levels in tears between the two groups(P＞0.05). After treatment， the visual acuity (hyperopia and myopia) levels， BUT and TSLP levels in tears in the two groups were significantly improved when compared with those before treatment(P＜0.05)； the above indexes in the observation group were significantly better than those in the control group(P＜0.05). Conclusion： The therapy of Shashen Maidong tang combined with pranoprofen eye drops has significant curative effect in treating xerophthalmia， which can significantly improve the visual acuity，prolong BUT，and reduce TSLP levels.