Abstract： Objective： To observe the effect of Chinese medicine diet therapy on improving malnutrition in patients undergoing non- bedridden maintenance hemodialysis on the basis of routine treatment and nursing of modern medicine. Methods：A total of 114 cases of patients who met the requirements were randomly divided into the control group and the observation group， 56 and 58 cases in each group respectively. Both groups were given maintenance hemodialysis and dietary nursing guidance， and the observation group was additionally given Chinese medicine diet guidance. Both groups were treated for three months. Before treatment and after three- month treatment， the scores of Subjective Global Assessment(SGA)，Kidney Disease Quality of Life-Short Form(KDQOL-SF) and spleen qi deficiency syndrome were assessed； hemoglobin(Hb)，albumin(Alb)，prealbumin(PA) and transferrin(TRF) were detected；triceps skin fold thickness(TSF) and arm muscle circumference(AMC) were measured. Results：The scores of SGA and KDQOL-SF in the two groups were increased when compared with those before treatment(P＜0.01)，and the scores of spleen qi deficiency syndrome were decreased(P＜ 0.01)；the scores of SGA and KDQOL-SF in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(P＜0.01)，and the score of spleen qi deficiency syndrome was lower(P＜0.01).The levels of Hb，Alb，PA and TRF in the two groups were increased when compared with those before treatment(P＜0.01)； the levels of Hb， Alb， PA and TRF in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(P＜0.01). TSF and AMC in the two groups were increased when compared with those before treatment(P＜0.01)，the above two indexes in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(P＜0.01). Conclusion： Based on routine treatment and nursing of modern medicine， the intervention of Chinese medicine diet therapy for patients with maintenance hemodialysis malnutrition can effectively improve the nutrition，relieve the symptoms related to spleen qi deficiency syndrome，and enhance their quality of life.