Abstract： Objective： To observe the clinical effect of Jiaohuo Siwu tang combined with intervention therapy for osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture. Methods： A total of 157 cases of patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture were selected and divided into the control group and the observation group according to the random number table method，78 and 79 cases in each group respectively. The control group was given routine western medicine combined with intervention therapy， and the observation group was given Jiaohuo Siwu tang combined with intervention therapy. After twelve- week treatment， vertebral structures， pain score， bone mineral density， bone metabolism index， vertebral function，quality of life，and bone fracture healing were observed in the two groups. Results：When compared with those before treatment in the same group，Cobb angle，visual analogue scale(VAS) score，and levels of Cross-linked aminoterminal peptide of human type I collagen(NTXI) and β- collagen carboxyterminal peptide(β- CTX) in serum and Oswertry dysfunction index(ODI) score in the two groups were decreased after treatment(P＜0.05)；heights of anterior and posterior edge of vertebral body，bone mineral density of lumbar 1~4(L1~4)，the left fermoral neck(FN) and femoral trochanter，levels of 25-hydroxyl vitamins(25-OHD) and bone gla protein(BGP) in serum，as well as scores of quality of life regarding psychology， society， physiological state， and the total life satisfaction were increased(P＜0.05). After treatment， Cobb angle， VAS score，and levels of NTXI and β- CTX in serum，ODI score in the observation group were lower than those in the control group(P＜0.05)，the healing time of fractures was shorter(P＜0.05)；heights of anterior and posterior edge of vertebral body， bone mineral density of L1~4，FN，femoral trochanter，levels of 25-OHD and BGP in serum，as well as scores of quality of life regarding psychology，society，physiological state，and the total life satisfaction were higher(P＜0.05). Conclusion：In the treatment of patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture，the therapy of Jiaohuo Siwu tang combined with intervention therapy can significantly recover physiological structures of vertebral body， relieve pain， promote fracture healing，increase bone mineral density，improve bone metabolism index，enhance vertebral body function and quality of life.