Abstract： Objective： To study the administration rules of prescriptions for prevention and treatment of pulmonary epidemic diseases in ancient Chinese literature，and to provide reference for clinical prevention and treatment of COVID-19. Methods：The articles about pulmonary epidemic diseases in the database of the 5th edition of Chinese Medical Code were searched systematically，and the articles with the characteristics of modern epidemic diseases，the articles in which the site of the disease is in the respiratory system， and the articles contained prescriptions were selected. The disease names， syndromes and medication involved were extracted. After standardization of terminology，the Chinese Medicine Inheritance Assistant Platform was used for data mining； the frequency of commonly used Chinese herbs was summarized； its association rules were analyzed； the core prescription and prescription rules were obtained， and the current Chinese medicine diagnosis and treatment scheme of COVID-19 was compared with and analyzed. Results：A total of 1，869 articles of ancient epidemics were retrieved. According to the evaluation of infectivity and the site of disease，a total of 177 articles of pulmonary epidemic diseases containing Chinese medicine prescriptions were finally included， including 1 from Tang Dynasty， 4 from Song Dynasty， 2 from Jin Dynasty， 2 from Yuan Dynasty， 60 from Ming Dynasty， 90 from Qing Dynasty，and 18 from the Republic of China. A total of 204 Chinese herbs were involved，and the top three herbs with the highest frequency of use were Radix et Rhizoma Glycyrrhizae，Radix Scutellariae and Radix Platycodonis；the herb pairs with the highest frequency of use were Radix et Rhizoma Glycyrrhizae-Radix Platycodonis，Radix Scutellariae-Radix et Rhizoma Glycyrrhizae，and Fructus Forsythiae-Radix et Rhizoma Glycyrrhizae. After the further exploration into the administration rule based association analysis， with a support degree set at 20， the core prescription was obtained： Radix Scutellariae- Rhizoma Coptidis-Fructus Forsythiae-Radix et Rhizoma Glycyrrhizae-Radix Platycodonis；with a support degree set at 16， the core prescription was obtained： Radix Scutellariae- Rhizoma Coptidis- Fructus Forsythiae- Radix Bupleuri- Fructus Forsythiae-Radix Platycodonis-Fructus Arctii-Radix Scrophulariae-Radix et Rhizoma Glycyrrhiza. Conclusion：Ancient China has experienced many epidemic disasters，so has accumulated rich experience in anti-epidemic，and also recorded a large number of anti-epidemic prescriptions. This study systematically sorts out the diagnosis and treatment experience of ancient pulmonary epidemic diseases and establishes the literature database of ancient pulmonary epidemic diseases. It is found that although the syndrome differentiation and classification of ancient pulmonary epidemic diseases are different from the typing of COVID-19 diagnosis and treatment plan，the high-frequency herbs are mostly for clearing hear and releasing the exterior. The administration rule of prescription is to diffuse the lung with acrid- cool herbs rather than drain fire and resolve toxins， focusing on the protection of stomach qi.