Abstract：Objective：To systematically evaluate the effectiveness of exercise therapy on the treatment of bone mineral density in primary osteoporosis. Methods： The literatures related to the effect of exercise therapy on osteoporosis were searched in PubMed，Embase，CNKI，Wanfang and other databases，and Noteexpress was used to collect the literatures according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The six literatures that met the screening requirements were evaluated for quality and index analysis. Results： The level of the effect of exercise therapy on bone mineral density of osteoporosis patients was significantly higher than that in the control group [MD=0.11，95%CI(0.06，0.16)，P＜0.05]；exercise therapy was superior to the control group in improving bone density of osteoporosis patients. Conclusion： Exercise therapy has definite effect on osteoporosis，and combined exercise therapy has more advantages than single exercise therapy；and the best effect period is six months after exercise therapy is implemented.