Abstract： Objective： To observe the effect of Tianmasu injection combined with Shugan Jieyu capsules on cognitive function in patients with schizophrenia. Methods： A total of 181 patients with schizophrenia were divided into the control group and the observation group according to the random number table method， with 91 and 90 cases in each group respectively. The control group was treated with Shugan Jieyu capsules，and the observation group was additionally treated with Tianmasu injection based on the treatment of the control group. Both groups were treated for two months. Before and after treatment，the changes of scores of Positive and Negative Symptom Scale(PANSS)，markers of nerve injury(S100β)， neuron- specific enolase(NSE)，neuregulin 1(NRG1) and scores of cognitive ability，memory function and compliance were compared between the two groups. The clinical effects and adverse reactions were observed. Results：After treatment，the scores of positive symptoms， negative symptoms and general psychopathological symptoms and total scores of PANSS scores in the two groups were decreased when compared with those before treatment， and the above scores in the observation group were higher than those in the control group，differences being significant(P＜0.05). After treatment，the levels of S100β and NSE in the two groups were decreased when compared with those before treatment，and the level of NRG1 was increased；the levels of S100β and NSE in the observation group were lower than those in the control group，and the level of NRG1 was higher，differences being significant(P＜0.05). After treatment，the scores of cognition and memory function and compliance in the two groups were increased when compared with those before treatment and the above three scores in the observation group were higher than those in the control group，differences being significant(P＜0.05). The total clinical effective rate was 96.67% in the observation group，higher than that of 89.01% in the control group，the difference being significant(P＜0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions was 5.56% in the observation group， 4.40% in the control group，there being no significance in the difference(P＜0.05). Conclusion：The therapy of Tianmasu injection combined with Shugan Jieyu capsules can improve the clinical symptoms of patients with schizophrenia， repair the neuronal injury， and improve the cognitive function and compliance.