Abstract： Objective： To observe the distribution rules and related factors of Chinese medicine syndrome types in 100 cases of patients who were undergoing maintenance hemodialysis(MHD) for the long term and complicated with thirst. Methods：A total of 100 cases of patients with MHD and thirst with different clinical syndrome types were selected to analyze the distribution rules of Chinese medicine syndrome types and their correlation with gender，age，dialysis age，scores of Visual Analogue Scale(VAS)，Xerostomia Inventory(XI) and Dialysis Thirst Inventory(DTI)，salivary flow rate in resting state， blood potassium， blood sodium， blood calcium， blood phosphorus， parathyroid hormone and other laboratory indexes. Results：As for the distribution of syndrome types in MHD patients with thirst，there were 68 cases with spleen-kidney qiyin deficiency syndrome， 21 cases with liver- kidney yin deficiency syndrome， and 11 cases with yin- yang deficiency syndrome；scores of VAS，XI and DTI in patients with spleen- kidney qi- yin deficiency syndrome were significantly higher than those with liver-kidney yin deficiency syndrome and with yin-yang deficiency syndrome，differences being significant (P＜0.05)；there was no significant difference being found in the comparisons of scores of VAS，XI and DTI between liverkidney yin deficiency syndrome and yin- yang deficiency syndrome(P＞0.05). The salivary flow rate in resting state in the spleen-kidney qi-yin deficiency syndrome was significantly lower than those in liver-kidney yin deficiency syndrome and yinyang deficiency syndrome， differences being significant(P＜0.05)； there was no significant difference being found in the comparison of salivary flow rates between liver-kidney yin deficiency syndrome and yin-yang deficiency syndrome(P＞0.05). There was no significant difference being found in the comparisons of age， sex， dialysis age， creatinine， urea nitrogen， blood potassium， blood calcium， blood phosphorus and parathyroid hormone among the three syndrome types(P＞0.05). Conclusion： The distribution of Chinese medicine syndrome types of maintenance hemodialysis patients with thirst has a certain rule， mainly the spleen- kidney qi- yin deficiency syndrome， and the degree of thirst in patients with the spleenkidney qi- yin deficiency syndrome is more serious than those in the liver- kidney yin deficiency syndrome and yin- yang deficiency syndrome，but there is no significant correlation between syndrome types and age，gender，dialysis age，blood potassium，blood sodium，blood calcium，blood phosphorus and parathyroid hormone.