Abstract： Objective： To observe the clinical effect of Wushe Rongpi tang treating pruritus in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis and its effect on inflammatory factors in serum. Methods：A total of 98 cases of patients who had chronic renal failure and were undergoing maintenance hemodialysis and complicated with pruritus were selected and randomly divided into the control group and the observation group， with 49 cases in each group. The control group was treated with the oral administration with Gabapentin， the external application with hydrocortisone cream and other routine symptomatic treatments，and the observation group was additionally treated with Wushe Rongpi tang based on the treatment of the control group. Both groups were treated for three treatment courses， with two weeks being one course. Clinical effects， Chinese medicine syndrome scores， skin pruritus scores， levels of serum inflammatory factors [high-sensitivity C-reactive protein(hs-CRP)，interleukin-6(IL-6)，tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)] and incidence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups. Results：The total effective rate was 85.71% in the observation group，and 67.35% in the control group， the difference being significant(P＜0.05). Before treatment， there was no significant difference being found in the comparison of Chinese medicine syndrome scores between the two groups(P＞0.05). After treatment for two， four， and six weeks， Chinese medicine syndrome scores in the two groups were decreased when compared with those before treatment(P＜0.05)， and showed a downward trend， and Chinese medicine syndrome scores in the observation group at each time point were lower than those in the control group in the same period(P＜0.05). Before treatment，there was no significant difference being found in the comparison of pruritus scores between the two groups(P＞0.05). After treatment for two， four， and six weeks， pruritus scores in the two groups were decreased when compared with those before treatment(P＜0.05)，and showed a downward trend，and pruritus scores in the observation group at each time point were lower than those in the control group in the same period(P＜0.05). After treatment，levels of hs-CRP，IL-6 and TNF-α in the two groups were significantly decreased when compared with those before treatment(P＜0.05)，and the three levels in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P＜0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions was 8.16% in the observation group and 2.04% in the control group，there being no significance being found in the difference(P＜ 0.05). Conclusion：Wushe Rongpi tang has a significant curative effect in the treatment of pruritus in patients who had chronic renal failure and were undergoing maintenance hemodialysis. It can effectively relieve clinical symptoms，and improve levels of body inflammatory factors with good safety.