Abstract：Prof. LI Peixu has been engaged in the Chinese medicine treatment of kidney diseases for more than 50 years， and has rich clinical experience in it， whose therapeutic effect is extraordinary. Prof. LI founded the theory of excess syndrome in the kidney， and advocates the principle that the kidney diseases are caused by the abnormal ascending and descending of qi，and that the injury of five zang organs does harm to the kidney. He proposes that the treatment of kidney diseases should follow the three considerations of time，person and place，and should be based on the ideas that chronic blooding in the urine due to chronic nephritis ought to be treated by the method of unblocking，and that chronic kidney failure should be treated by tonifying. This paper summarizes Prof. LI's experience in the treatment of chronic kidney diseases by using the method of raising the clear and directing the turbid downward and expounds his clinical thinking and syndrome differentiation method，which provides reference for the treatment of kidney diseases by Chinese medicine.