Abstract：Objective：Based on data mining，this paper discusses syndrome and treatment rules of modern physicians in the treatment of tympanites. Methods： The medical cases of tympanites from 1978 to 2014 were taken as the research object； multiple statistical methods such as frequency， logistic regression and Spearman's rank correlation analysis were used to analyze the frequency of the syndrome types involved in the medical cases and summarize their distribution. Through the logistic regression analysis of high- frequency syndrome types and high- frequency Chinese medicines， the medicines closely related to the syndrome types were excavated； Spearman's rank correlation analysis was used to explore whether there was a dependency between the dosage of Chinese medicine and the grade of ascites. Results：A total of 591 medical cases were included，involving 48 medical works and 93 periodicals. From 1978 to 2014，the common syndrome types of tympanites were internal retention of water-dampness，the liver-spleen blood deficiency，dampness-heat accumulation， and liver constraint and spleen deficiency；there were few medical cases with a single syndrome type，and most cases had two or more syndrome types. As for the correlation between syndrome types and Chinese medicines，the Chinese medicines for syndrome of internal retention of water- dampness were Fructus Jujubae， Fructus Lagenariae， Ramulus Cinnamomi， Radix Astragali， Semen Pharbitidis， Semen Plantaginis， and Rhizoma Alismatis successively. Modern medical cases involved 341 Chinese medicines， a total of 8 296 times； in terms of classification of Chinese medicine， the top three medicines were deficiency- tonifying medicine(20.74% )， dampness- draining diuretic medicine(17.01% )， and bloodactivating and stasis- resolving medicine(11.27% )， and the cumulative frequency reached 49.02% ； as for the meridian entry，the top five entries were the spleen(21.48%)，the liver(14.79%)，the lung(13.24%)，the stomach(12.24%)，and the kidney(10.55%)，and the cumulative frequency of the spleen and stomach meridians reached 33.72%；as for the nature of Chinese medicine， the top two nature was warmth(28.93% ) and neutral(23.36% )， and cumulative frequency reached 52.29%. Chinese medicines that had a low correlation between the dosage and the grade of ascites were Herba Plantaginis， Flos Carthami，Concha Ostreae，and Rhizoma Chuanxiong. Chinese medicines that had little or no correlation between the dosage and the grade of ascites were Radix Astragali，Radix Paeoniae Rubra and Poria. There were no moderately or highly relevant Chinese medicines in the study results. Conclusion： From 1978 to 2014， doctors treat tympanites based on syndrome differentiation，pay attention to psychological factors and physique of patients，and adhere to the pathogenesis of root deficiency and tip excess； the medication give priorities to tonifying deficiency， put the spleen and stomach first， regulate the body with warm or neutral Chinese medicines，and give consideration to both root and tip.