Abstract：Objective：To observe the clinical effect of the therapy of modified Xianhoutian prescription on peptic ulcer(PU) and its effect on levels of serum growth factors. Methods：A total of 124 patients with PU were divided into the observation group and the control group according to the random number table method， with 62 cases in each group. The observation group was treated with modified Xianhoutian prescription，and the control group was orally treated with omeprazole enteric-coated tablets and hydrotalcite tablets. Both groups were treated for six weeks. Before and after treatment， the Chinese medicine syndrome scores and levels of serum growth factors were compared between the two groups. The clinical effects，recurrence，and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups. Results：The total effective rate was 95.16% in the observation group，higher than that of 87.10% in the control group，there being no significance in the difference(P＞0.05). After treatment，the Chinese medicine syndrome scores of dull pain in the stomach cavity，fatigue in four limbs，fear of cold and cold limbs，bland taste in the mouth and salivation， thin and unformed stool and poor appetite in the two groups were decreased when compared with those before treatment(P＜0.05)， and the levels of serum epidermal growth factor(EGF)， transforming growth factor- α(TGF- α)， basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF)， and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) were increased(P＜0.05)； after treatment， the above Chinese medicine syndrome scores in the observation group were lower than those in the control group(P＜0.05)， and the levels of serum EGF， TGF- α， bFGF， and VEGF were higher(P＜0.05). During one year of follow- up， the recurrence rate was 11.86% in the observation group，lower than that of 27.78% in the control group(P＜ 0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions was 8.06% in the observation group，lower than that of 14.52% in the control group(P＞0.05). Conclusion： The therapy of modified Xianhoutian prescription for PU with deficiency- cold of the spleen and stomach syndrome can improve the levels of serum growth factors， promote the recovery of gastric mucosa，relieve the symptoms of patients，improve the curative effects， and reduce the recurrence rates.