Abstract： Objective： To observe the clinical effect of Bushen Huoxue Lishui prescription combined with percutaneous kyphoplasty(PKP) under ultrasonic guidance for osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture(OVCF) and its effects on serum inflammation factors and bone metabolism of patients. Methods：A total of 105 cases of OVCF patients were divided into the routine group， the ultrasonic guidance group， and the combined Chinese medicine group according to the random number table method，with 35 cases in each group. The routine group was treated with routine PKP under routine X-ray fluoroscopy；the ultrasonic guidance group was treated with PKP under ultrasonic guidance， and the combined Chinese medicine group was treated with Bushen Huoxue Lishui prescription combined with PKP under ultrasonic guidance. The perioperative related indexes and the re-fracture rates within 6 months after operation were compared among the three groups. The indexes of dysfunction， pain degree， bone mineral density， serum inflammation factors and bone metabolism in the three group were compared before operation， 56 days and 6 months after operation. Results： The operation time in the ultrasonic guidance group and the combined Chinese medicine group was shorter than that in the routine group，and the times of fluoroscopy during the operation was less(P＜0.05). At 56 days and 6 months after operation，the scores of Oswestry Dysfunction Index(ODI) and Visual Analogue Scale(VAS) in the three groups were lower than those before operation(P＜0.05)，and the scores of ODI and VAS in the combined Chinese medicine group were lower than those in the routine group and ultrasonic guidance group(P＜0.05)，and the bone mineral density was increased(P＜0.05). At 56 days and 6 months after operation，levels of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) and interleukin-6(IL-6) in the three groups were lower than those before operation(P＜0.05)，and the levels of TNF- α， IL- 6， procollagen type I intact N- terminal propeptide(PINP) and serum- carboxy- terminal collagen crosslinks(S- CTX) in serum 6 months after operation in the combined Chinese medicine group were lower than those in the routine group and ultrasonic guidance group(P＜0.05). There was no significant difference being found in the comparison of re-fracture rates during the six months after operation among the three groups(P＜0.05). Conclusion： Bushen Huoxue Lishui prescription combined with ultrasonic guidance PKP can relieve the degree of dysfunction and pain，enhance bone mineral density，and reduce levels of TNF-α and IL-6 in serum as well as PINP and S-CTX.