Abstract：Objective：To observe the curative effect of Buyang Huanwu tang combined with olanzapine for schizophrenia and its effects on levels of neuregulin 1(NRG1) and interleukin-2(IL-2). Methods：A total of 83 cases of patients with schizophrenia were selected as the study objects and divided into the control group and the combination group according to the random number table method，with 42 and 41 cases in each group respectively. The control group was treated with olanzapine， and the combination group was treated with Buyang Huanwu tang combined with olanzapine. Both groups were treated for eight weeks. Clinical effects were compared between the two groups. Changes in scores of Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale(PANSS) and levels of NRG1 and IL-2 in serum before and after treatment were compared between the two groups. The incidence of adverse reactions during treatment was observed in the two groups. Results：After treatment，the total clinical effective rate was 97.56% in the combination group and 78.57% in the control group，the difference being significant(P＜0.05). After treatment，scores of negative symptoms，positive symptoms，psychopathological scores and other scores in PANSS in the two groups were decreased when compared with those before treatment，differences being significant(P＜0.05). After treatment， each score in PANSS in the combination group was lower than that in the control group， differences being significant(P＜0.05). After treatment， levels of NRG1 in serum in the two groups were increased when compared with those before treatment， and IL- 2 levels were decreased， differences being significant(P＜0.05). After treatment，NRG1 level in the combination group was lower than that in the control group，and IL-2 level was lower，differences being significant(P＜0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions was 4.88% in the combination group and 9.52% in the control group，there being no significance in the difference(P＞0.05). Conclusion：Buyang Huanwu tang combined with olanzapine has a good curative effect for schizophrenia， which can effectively improve clinical symptoms and immune function of the body，and promote neurological recovery.