Abstract： Objective： To observe the curative effect of fumigation and washing with modified Zhibai Dihuang Pills combined with Sertraline Hydrochloride Tablets for senile insomnia of vigorous fire due to yin deficiency type. Methods：A total of 126 cases of senile patients with insomnia of vigorous fire due to yin deficiency type were selected and randomly divided into two groups， with 63 cases in each group. Both groups were treated with Sertraline Hydrochloride Tablets，and the trial group was additionally treated with fumigation and washing with modified Zhibai Dihuang Pills. Both groups were treated for four weeks. Before and after treatment， the sleep quality of patients in the two groups was evaluated by Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI) and Hyperarousal Scale(HAS)；5- hydroxytryptamine(5- HT)，dopamine(DA) and inflammatory factors including interleukin- 1β(IL- 1β) and tumor necrosis factor- α(TNF- α) were detected. The curative effects in the two groups were compared，and the safety during four- week treatment was observed. Results：After four weeks of treatment，the total effective rate was 92.06% in the trial group， higher than that of 77.78% in the control group， the difference being significant(P＜0.05). The scores of PSQI and HAS in the two groups were decreased when compared with those before treatment，and the scores of PSQI and HAS in the trial group were lower than those in the control group， differences being significant(P＜0.01). The levels of serum 5- HT in the two groups were increased when compared with those before treatment，and the levels of DA，IL- 1β and TNF- α in serum were decreased，differences being significant(P＜0.01). The level of serum 5- HT in the trial group was higher than that in the control group，and the levels of DA，IL- 1β and TNF- α in serum were lower，differences being significant(P＜ 0.01). During the treatment， there was no obvious adverse reaction in the two groups. Conclusion： The therapy of fumigation and washing with modified Zhibai Dihuang Pills combined with Sertraline Hydrochloride Tablets for senile patients with insomnia of vigorous fire due to yin deficiency type has a definite effect，and can improve the sleep quality of patients with good safety.