Abstract：Objective：To observe the clinical effect of closed reduction and internal fixation combined with Zhuangjin Xutu Tang for diaphyseal fracture of tibia and fibula. Methods：A total of 97 cases of patients with diaphyseal fracture of tibia and fibula were randomly divided into the study group and the control group， with 50 and 47 cases in each group respectively. The control group was treated with closed reduction and internal fixation as well as routine postoperative treatment， and the study group was additionally treated with Zhuangjin Xugu Tang based on the treatment of the control group. Both groups were treated for two months. Before and after treatment，the levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)，bone morphogenetic protein 2(BMP-2) and insulin-like growth factor 1(IGF-1) and the incidence of adverse events were compared between the two groups；the clinical effect was evaluated according to the changes of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) syndrome scores. Results：The total effective rate was 96.00% in the study group and 82.97% in the control group， the difference being significant(P＜0.05). Before treatment，there was no significant difference being found in the comparison of the levels of VEGF， BMP- 2 and IGF- 1 between the two groups(P＞0.05). After treatment， the above bone biochemical indexes in the two groups were increased when compared with those before treatment(P＜0.05)，and the indexes in the study group were higher than those in the control group(P＜0.05). The incidence of adverse events was 6.00% in the study group，lower than that of 17.02% in the control group，the difference being significant(P＜0.05). Conclusion： The therapy of closed reduction and internal fixation combined with Zhuangjin Xutu Tang for patients with diaphyseal fracture of tibia and fibula can effectively enhance the clinical effect，improve bone biochemical indexes，and postoperative complications were relatively few.