Abstract： Objective： To observe the clinical effect of Houpo Paiqi Decoction on early postoperative inflammatory ileus and its safety. Methods： A total of 100 patients with early inflammatory ileus after abdominal surgery were selected and divided into the control group and the observation group according to different treatment methods，with 50 cases in each group. The control group was treated with conventional Octreotide，and the observation group was additionally treated with Houpo Paiqi Decoction based on the conventional treatment. The clinical effects，intestinal function recovery，the time of gastric tube indwelling， feeding，body temperature recovery，white blood cell recovery and length of hospital stay，incidence of adverse reactions，and levels of vasoactive intestinal peptide(VIP)，procalcitonin(PCT)，nitric oxide(NO) and inflammatory factors before and after treatment were compared between the two groups. Results： The total effective rate was 92.00% in the observation group，higher than that of 80.00% in the control group (P＜0.05). The time of abdominal pain relief， abdominal distension relief， bowel sound recovery， first ventilation and first defecation time in the observation group was respectively shorter than that in the control group(P＜0.05). The time of gastric tube indwelling，feeding，body temperature recovery，white blood cell recovery and length of hospital stay in the observation group was respectively shorter than that in the control group(P＜0.05). Before treatment， there was no significant difference in serum levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1(MCP-1)，interleukin-6(IL-6)，interleukin-8(IL-8) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) between the two groups(P＞0.05)；after treatment，the serum levels of MCP-1，IL-6，IL-8 and TNF- α in the two groups were decreased(P＜0.05)，and those in the observation group were lower than those in the control group(P＜0.05). Before treatment， there was no significant difference in serum VIP， PCT and NO levels between the two groups(P＞0.05)；after treatment，the serum levels of VIP，PCT and NO in both groups were decreased(P＜0.05)，and those in the observation group were lower than those in the control group(P＜0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group was 6.00%，lower than that of 12.00% in the control group(P＜0.05). Conclusion： Houpo Paiqi Decoction can improve the clinical effect on patients with early postoperative inflammatory ileus，relieve ileus，shorten the course of disease，regulate nerve mediators，reduce the levels of inflammatory factors，with less adverse reactions and high safety.