Abstract： Objective： To observe the effect of Yiqi Huoxue Decoction combined with rehabilitation therapy on immune and inflammatory factors in patients after operation for cervical spinal cord injury. Methods：A total of 60 cases of patients after operation for cervical spinal cord injury were divided into the control group and the observation group according to the random number table method ， with 28 and 32 cases in each group respectively. The control group was treated with routine western medicine，and the observation group was additionally given Yiqi Huoxue Decoction and early rehabilitation treatment measures based on the treatment plan of the control group. Before and after treatment，the changes in T lymphocytes including CD3 + ， CD4 + ， CD8 + ， natural killer cells(NK cells)， immunoglobulin G(IgG)， immunoglobulin A (IgA)， immunoglobulin M(IgM)， complement C3， complement C4， and inflammatory factors including interleukin-6(IL-6)，tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)，serum amyloid A(SAA) and C-reactive protein(CRP) in the two groups were observed. Results：After 3 days of treatment，CD3+，NK cells，IgG，and IgM in the observation group were increased when compared with those before treatment， differences being significant(P＜0.05). After 7 days of treatment，CD3+，CD4+，CD8+，NK cells，IgG，IgA，IgM，C3，and C4 in the observation group and CD3 + ， IgM， and C3 in the control group were significantly increased， differences being significant(P＜0.05，P＜0.01). After 7 days of treatment，the increase of CD3+，CD4+， NK cells，IgG，IgA，and IgM in the observation group was more obvious than that in the control group， differences being significant(P＜0.05). When compared with those before treatment， the levels of IL- 6， TNF-α and SAA after 3 days of treatment and the levels of IL-6，TNF-α，SAA，and CRP after 7 days of treatment in the observation group were significantly decreased，differences being significant(P＜0.05，P＜ 0.01)； the levels of IL- 6， TNF- α， SAA and CRP after 7 days of treatment in the control group were significantly decreased， differences being significant(P＜0.05). The decrease of TNF- α after 3 days of treatment and IL-6，TNF-α，SAA，and CRP after 7 days of treatment in the observation group was more significant than that in the control group at the same time， differences being significant(P＜0.05). Conclusion： Yiqi Huoxue Decoction combined with rehabilitation therapy for patients after operation for cervical spinal cord injury can effectively enhance their immune function and inhibit inflammatory responses.