Abstract： Objective： To observe the clinical effect of Total Glucosides of Paeony Capsules assisting western medicine for refractory rheumatoid arthritis and its effect on inflammatory factors in serum. Methods：A total of 76 cases of patients with refractory rheumatoid arthritis were divided into the control group and the observation group according to the random number table method， with 38 cases in each group. The control group was given oral administration of Methotrexate Tablets，and the observation group was additionally given oral administration of Total Glucosides of Paeony Capsules based on the treatment of the control group. The clinical effects in the two groups were compared. Before and after treatment，the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) scores，scores of Disease Activity Score 28 (DAS28)，levels of inflammatory factors and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome scores were compared between the two groups. Results：The total clinical effective rate was 92.10% in the observation group，higher than that of 71.05% in the control group (P＜0.05). Before treatment， there was no significant difference being found in the comparison of scores of VAS and DAS28 between the two groups (P＞0.05). After treatment，the scores of VAS and DAS28 in the two groups were decreased (P＜0.05)，and the scores in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P＜0.05). Before treatment，there was no significant difference being found in the comparison of levels of C- reactive protein(CRP)， rheumatoid factor(RF)， erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR)，tumor necrosis factor- α(TNF- α) and interleukin- 8(IL- 8) in serum between the two groups (P＞0.05). After treatment，the levels of CRP，RF，ESR，TNF-α and IL-8 in serum in the two groups were decreased (P＜0.05)， and the levels in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P＜0.05). Before treatment， there was no significant difference being found in the comparison of TCM syndrome scores including morning stiffness，joint pain，tender joint，and difficulty in extension and flexion in joint between the two groups (P＞0.05). After treatment， the above TCM syndrome scores in the two groups were decreased (P＜0.05)， and the scores in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P＜0.05). Conclusion： Total Glucosides of Paeony Capsules assisting western medicine for refractory rheumatoid arthritis can effectively reduce inflammatory responses，TCM syndrome scores and pain，and improve clinical symptoms and clinical effects.