Abstract： Objective： To observe the clinical effect of Bailing Capsules combined with Alprostadil Injection on chronic renal failure (CRF) of lung- kidney yin deficiency type， and its effect on the kidney function and micro-inflammatory state of patients. Methods：A total of 62 patients with CRF of lung-kidney yin deficiency type were divided into the treatment group and the control group by the random number table method， with 31 cases in each group. The control group was treated with Alprostadil Injection， and the treatment group was additionally given Bailing Capsules based on the treatment of the control group. The two groups were treated for 2 weeks. Before and after treatment ， the traditional Chinese medicine syndrome scores，levels of serum inflammatory indexes including C- reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin- 6 (IL- 6)， and levels of kidney function indexes including blood urea nitrogen (BUN)， serum creatinine (SCr) as well as the value of urinary protein/urinary creatinine，in the two groups were compared. The clinical effects and the incidence of adverse reactions during treatment in both groups were also compared. Results：After treatment，the total clinical effective rate was 96.77% in the treatment group， higher than that of 77.42% in the control group (P＜0.05). The scores of dry cough with less phlegm， soreness and weakness of waists and knees，vexing heat in the five centers and hot flush and night sweat in both groups were decreased when compared with those before treatment (P＜0.05)， and the above scores in the treatment group were lower than those in the control group (P＜0.05). The levels of BUN and SCr，and the value of urinary protein/urinary creatinine in the two groups were decreased when compared with those before treatment (P＜0.05)，and the levels of BUN and SCr，and the value of urinary protein/ urinary creatinine in the treatment group were lower than those in the control group (P＜0.05). The levels of serum CRP and IL- 6 were decreased when compared with those before treatment (P＜0.05)， and the levels of serum CRP and IL-6 in the treatment group were lower than those in the control group (P＜0.05). During treatment， there was no significant difference being found in the comparison of the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups (P＞0.05). Conclusion： Bailing Capsules combined with Alprostadil Injection has a better curative effect on CRF of lung- kidney yin deficiency type， which can effectively mitigate the clinical symptoms， improve the kidney function of patients， and inhibit the inflammatory responses，with good safety.