Abstract：The study aims to explore the traditional Chinese medicine treatment after surgery for goiter. Goiter does not occur suddenly，but lingers in disease course. As time goes by，patients with goiter are more likely to appear deficiency- consumption. And the surgery causes injury by scalpels， which easily damages to the depletion of qi and blood，yin and yang，and body fluids. The analysis shows that patients after surgery for goiter are of deficiency syndromes，which can be manifested as syndromes of qi and blood deficiency，heart-liver yin deficiency，middle energizer deficiency and injury，and kidney-yang deficiency and decline. The treatment should be differentiated from the deficiency theory，including the methods of boosting qi and nourishing blood， nourishing yin and softening the liver， strengthening the spleen and harmonizing the stomach，and warming and supplementing kidney yang.