Abstract： This paper introduces XIA Yongliang's clinical experience in differentiating and treating burning mouth syndrome. XIA believes that the etiology of burning mouth syndrome is complex， whose pathogenesis is changeable but often inseparable from the fire- heat. In his clinical practice，he treats the disease from the fire-heat based on syndrome differentiation. The syndromes of the disease can be divided into six main types，namely，syndrome of qi deficiency and vigorous fire，syndrome of vigorous fire due to yin deficiency，syndrome of fire-heat flaming upward，syndrome of internal accumulation of damp-heat， syndrome of qi stagnation and blood stasis and syndrome of cold and heat in complexity. In summary，there are three main points of his experience： a) the cause of the disease is the fire- heat， and he is good at finding the origin of the fire； b) he takes advantages of the situation and utilizes methods to dispel pathogenic factors； c) he pays attention to regulating qi to make the ascending and descending of qi movement harmonized.