Abstract： Objective： To observe the clinical effect of the therapy of enema with Chinese medicine combined with non-invasive positive pressure ventilation on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) complicated with typeⅡrespiratory failure. Methods：A total of 100 COPD patients complicated with type Ⅱ respiratory failure were selected as the study objects，and were divided into the control group and the study group according to random number table method， with 50 cases in each group. The control group was given conventional western medicine and non- invasive positive pressure ventilation，and the study group was additionally given enema with Chinese medicine based on the treatment of the control group. Both groups were treated for seven days. The levels of serum Nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3)，heat shock protein 27 (HSP27)， interleukin- 27 (IL- 27)， high mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1)， peak expiratory flow (PEF)， forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC)， arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2)，partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2)，and oxygen saturation (SaO2) were compared before and after treatment. Results：Before treatment，there was no significant difference in the comparison of the levels of HSP27，IL-27，NLRP3 and HMGB1 between the groups (P＞0.05). After treatment， the levels of HSP27， IL- 27， NLRP3 and HMGB11 in the two groups were decreased (P＜ 0.05)， and the levels in the study group was lower than those in the control group (P＜0.05). Before treatment， there was no significant difference in the levels of PaO2， PaCO2 and SaO2 between the two groups (P＞0.05). After treatment， the levels of PaO2 and SaO2 in the two groups were increased (P＜ 0.05)， and those in the study group were higher than those in the control group (P＜0.05)； the PaCO2 levels in the two groups were decreased (P＜0.05)，and the PaCO2 level in the study group was lower than that in the control group (P＜0.05). Before treatment， there was no significant difference in the levels of PEF，FEV1 and FVC between the two groups (P＞0.05). After treatment，the levels of PEF，FEV1 and FVC in the two groups were increased (P＜0.05)，and those in the study group were higher than those in the control group (P＜0.05). Conclusion： The therapy of enema with Chinese medicine combined with noninvasive positive pressure ventilation can inhibit inflammation，improve respiratory function and blood gas indexes in the treatment of COPD patients complicated with type II respiratory failure.