Objective：To observe the clinical effect of the therapy of Shangke Jiegu Tablets combined with percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) on osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (OVCF). Methods：A total of 104 OVCF patients were divided into the control group and the observation group，with 52 cases in each group. The control group was treated with PVP，and the observation group was treated with Shangke Jiegu Tablets combined with PVP. The scores of Visual Analogue Scale (VAS)， Cobb angle， lumbar vertebrae bone density，traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome and levels of serum bone gammacarboxyglutamic- acid- containing proteins (BGP) and β cross- linked C- telopeptide of type Ⅰcollagen ( β-CTX) were compared between the two groups before treatment and one week and three months after treatment. Results： After one week and three months of treatment， the VAS scores， Cobb angle and TCM syndrome scores in the two groups were decreased when compared with those before treatment (P＜ 0.05). After treatment， the VAS scores and TCM syndrome scores in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P＜0.05)，but there was no significant difference in the comparison of Cobb angle between the two groups after treatment (P＞0.05). After three months of treatment， the serum BGP levels in both groups were increased (P＜0.05)， and the β- CTX levels were decreased (P＜0.05). After three months of treatment，the serum BGP level in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (P＜0.05)，and the β-CTX level was lower than that in the control group (P＜0.05). There was no significant difference in the comparison of lumbar vertebra bone density between the two groups before and after treatment (P＞0.05). Conclusion：The therapy of Shangke Jiegu Tablets combined with PVP can effectively reduce pain symptoms and improve bone metabolism.