Abstract：Objective：To observe the clinical effect of Mingmu Dihuang Pills combined with intravitreal injection of Ranibizumab on non- proliferative diabetic retinopathy complicated with macular edema. Methods：A total of 90 patients with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy complicated with macular edema of liver- kidney yin deficiency type were selected and randomly divided into the control group and the observation group，with 45 cases in each group. The control group was given the intravitreal injection of Ranibizumab for treatment，and the observation group was additionally treated with Mingmu Dihuang Pills based on the treatment of the control group. The two groups were treated for 3 months. The clinical effects were compared between the two groups；before and after treatment，the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome scores were evaluated； the visual function， the thickness of macular central retina， volume of macular retina，related indexes of fundus examination，and indexes of laboratory investigation， including neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR)，monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1)，vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and advanced glycation end products (AGEs) were detected. The incidence of adverse reactions was observed during treatment. Results： After 3 months of treatment， the total effective rate was 80.95% in the control group and 95.24% in the observation group，differences being significant (P＜0.05). The TCM syndrome scores in both groups were decreased when compared with those before treatment (P＜0.05)，and the TCM syndrome score in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (P＜0.05). The best corrected vision in the two groups were improved when compared with those before treatment，and the thickness of macular central retina and volume of macular retina were decreased when compared with those before treatment (P＜0.05)；the best corrected vision，thickness of macular central retina and volume of macular retina in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P＜0.05). The number of microneurysms in the two groups were decreased when compared with those before treatment，the areas of vascular leakage and capillary non-perfusion were reduced when compared with those before treatment，and the retina circulation time were shortened when compared with those before treatment，differences being significant (P＜0.05). The number of microneurysms in the observation group was lower than that in the control group，the areas of vascular leakage and capillary non- perfusion were smaller than those in the control group，and the retina circulation time was shorter than that in the control group，differences being significant (P＜0.05). The levels of NLR，MCP-1，AGEs and VEGF in both groups were decreased when compared with those before treatment (P＜0.05)，and the above four levels in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P＜0.05). There were no significant adverse reactions in the two groups during treatment. Conclusion： The therapy of Mingmu Dihuang Pills combined with intravitreal injection of Ranibizumab has a good clinical effect on patients with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy complicated with macular edema of liver-kidney yin deficiency type， which can improve the fundus state and visual function，mitigate the symptoms and signs and reduce the inflammatory responses and oxidative stress with good safety.