Abstract： Objective： To observe the application effect of aerosol inhalation with modified Yangyin Qingfei Decoction in patients with lung-kidney yin deficiency syndrome after surgery for polyp of the vocal cord. Methods：A total of 90 cases of patients with polyp of the vocal cord with lung-kidney yin deficiency were selected and divided into the observation group and the control group according to the simple random method，with 45 cases in each group. Both groups were treated with carbon dioxide(CO2) laser vocal cord polypectomy under laryngoscope. After surgery，both groups were given western medicine treatment and rehabilitation training. The control group was additionally treated with aerosol inhalation with Budesonide Suspension Liquid，and the observation group was additionally treated with aerosol inhalation with modified Yangyin Qingfei Decoction. Both groups were treated for 14 days. The clinical effects，traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) syndrome scores， vocal parameters， and incidence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups. Results：After treatment，the cure rate was 77.78% in the observation group， higher than that of 57.78% in the control group (P＜0.05). The scores of hoarseness for a long time，dry throat，and dry mouth in the two groups were decreased when compared with those before treatment (P＜ 0.05). The above three TCM syndrome scores in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P＜0.05). The fundamental frequency perturbation (Jitter)， amplitude perturbation (Shimmer)， and normalized noise energy (NNE) in the two groups were all reduced when compared with those before treatment (P＜0.05)，and Jitter，Shimmer，and NNE in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P＜0.05). During the treatment， the incidence of adverse reactions was 2.22% in the observation group， and 4.44% in the control group， there being no significant difference (P＞0.05). Conclusion：Aerosol inhalation with modified Yangyin Qingfei Decoction has a significant curative effect in treating patients with lung-kidney yin deficiency syndrome after surgery for polyp of the vocal cord，which can effectively improve the clinical symptoms of patients and help them recover normal vocalization，with good safety.