Abstract： Objective： To observe the clinical effect of Compound Xueshuantong Capsules combined with Calcium Dobesilate Capsules for non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (DR) with the syndrome of dual deficiency of qi and yin with blood stasis. Methods：A total of 120 cases of patients with non-proliferative DR with the syndrome of dual deficiency of qi and yin with blood stasis were selected and divided into the observation group and the control group according to the random number table method，with 60 cases in each group. The control group was treated with Calcium Dobesilate Capsules，and the observation group was treated with Compound Xueshuantong Capsules combined with Calcium Dobesilate Capsules. Both groups were treated for 3 months and followed up for 1 week. Visual acuity， retinal nerve fibers (RNFL) thickness and macular retinal thickness were compared between the two groups， and adverse reactions were recorded. Results： After 1 month and 3 months of treatment， the visual acuity in the observation group were improved when compared with those before treatment， and were higher than those in the control group at the same period (P＜0.05). There was no significant difference in visual acuity before treatment and after 1 month of treatment in the control group (P＞0.05). After 3 months of treatment，the visual acuity in the control group was improved when compared with that before treatment (P＜0.05). The RNFL thickness of the temporal quadrant， superior quadrant， nasal quadrant， and inferior quadrant of optic disc in the two groups were increased when compared with those before treatment (P＜0.05)，and the RNFL in the observation group were thicker than those in the control group (P＜0.05). After 1 month and 3 months of treatment，the macular retinal thickness in the two groups were reduced when compared with those before treatment (P＜0.05)， and the macular thickness in the observation group were lower than those in the control group at the same period (P＜0.05). During treatment and after follow-up for 1 week， the incidence of adverse reactions was 6.67% in the control group and 5.00% in the observation group， there was no significant difference between the two groups (P＞0.05). Conclusion： Compound Xueshuantong Capsules combined with Calcium Dobesilate Capsules is safe and effective in treating nonproliferative DR with the syndrome of dual deficiency of qi and yin with blood stasis. It can increase RNFL thickness，reduce macular retinal thickness，and effectively improve visual acuity.