Abstract：This article discusses the source and connotation of the method of ascending the clear and descending the turbidity， and summarizes its theoretical basis and clinical application in the treatment of primary headache. It is thought that the pathogenesis of headache is the lost of nutrients leading to pain and the stagnation leading to pain. The method of ascending the clear and descending the turbidity can raise the essence to nourish the brain orifice， and descend the turbid pathogen to clear the brain orifice. Clinical application of the method of ascending the clear and descending the turbidity can fortify the spleen and invigorate the stomach， soothe the liver and regulate qi， and regulate qi movement to ascend the clear yang and descend the turbid yin so as to treat primary headache，which can provide a new idea for clinical treatment of this disease.