Abstract：Objective：To analyze the distribution rules of traditional Chinese medicine syndrome (TCM) types of peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis (PDPA) and the influencing factors of PDPA. Methods：A total of 244 patients who received peritoneal dialysis were retrospectively selected as the study objects， and divided into the peritonitis group and the non- peritonitis group according to whether PDPA occurred， with 74 and 170 cases in each group，respectively. The general data and laboratory indexes were compared between the two groups；the distribution rules of TCM syndrome types and influencing factors of PDPA in the peritonitis group were analyzed. Results： There was no significant difference being found in the comparisons of age， gender， the age of receiving peritoneal dialysis， body mass index (BMI) and complicated with diabetes between the two groups (P＞0.05). The level of education in the peritonitis group was higher than that in the non-peritonitis group (P＜0.05)，the level of serum transferrin (TRF) was higher than that in the non- peritonitis group (P＜0.05)，and the level of albumin (Alb) was lower than that in the non-peritonitis group (P＜0.05). In the pathogenic bacteria culture of peritoneal dialysis fluid in the peritonitis group， Klebsiella pneumoniae and Streptococcus salivarius were commonly seen； the common causes were irregular disinfection or poor contact， gastrointestinal dysfunction， respiratory tract infection， etc. The syndrome of deficiency in origin of clinical PDPA mainly includes the syndrome of spleen- kidney deficiency and syndrome of spleen-kidney yang deficiency，and the syndrome of excess in superficiality is usually the syndrome of dampness turbidity. Multifactorial logistic regression analysis showed that the high level of education and Alb were protective factors for the occurrence of PDAP， and high TRF was a risk factor. Conclusion：In clinical，the syndrome of deficiency in origin of PDPA mainly includes the syndrome of spleen-kidney deficiency and syndrome of spleen-kidney yang deficiency，and the syndrome of excess in superficiality is usually the syndrome of dampness turbidity. The high level of education and Alb were protection factors for the occurrence of PDAP，and high TRF was a risk factor.