Abstract：Lemongrass Herb has a long history of use as a medicinal in China and was widely used in clinical practice. It was effective in modern medicine for inflammation- related diseases and symptoms， both internally and externally. This paper analyzes the ancient material medica literature and modern scientific and clinical literature of Lemongrass Herb，summarizes its chemical composition，and reviews its research progress of antibacterial and anti- inflammatory pharmacological effects and mechanisms of its main chemical components at home and abroad. In this paper， author found that the components of Lemongrass Herb were effective for inflammation differ in the extracts of different extraction methods. The antifungal pharmacological mechanism of Lemongrass Herb related to its effect on the structure and function of cell walls，cell membranes and biofilms，and inhibition of proteases，thus acting to sever the fungal-skin link. The pharmacological mechanism of anti-bacterial action of Lemongrass Herb was related to its disruption of bacterial cell membranes and inhibition of metabolism-related enzymes and proteins. The pharmacological mechanism of anti- inflammatory action of Lemongrass Herb was related to its effect on inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression，phosphorylation of protein kinases，inhibition of TNF-α- related signaling pathways and antioxidant effects.