Abstract： Objective： To explore the correlation analysis of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome elements and correlation analysis of risk factors for the development of laryngeal obstruction in children with acute laryngitis. Methods： Medical records of 255 cases of children with acute laryngitis hospitalized in the Department of Pediatrics of The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine from August 2011 to April 2023 were collected (basic data， the four examinations， leukocyte counts， laryngeal obstruction， etc.). TCM syndrome elements were determined based on syndrome differentiation， and the results were imported into SPSS Modeler 18.0 software. The Apriori algorithm was used to analyze the association rules，and the relationship among them was represented by complex network diagram. The combination of different syndrome elements was analyzed by systematic cluster analysis，and the related factors were analyzed by binary logistic regression. Results：A total of 255 cases of children were included， most of whom were infants. A total of 14 syndrome elements were extracted from 255 cases of children； there were 4 syndrome elements on location of disease， namely lung，exterior，heart spirit and small intestine；there were 10 syndrome elements on nature of disease， among which heat， external wind and phlegm had high frequency， and the combination of syndrome elements with lung， exterior， heat and external wind accounted for the highest proportion. The composition of syndrome elements centered on lung，exterior and heat，and formed eight strong links of lung- heat，exterior- lung，exterior- heat，external wind- lung，external wind- exterior，external windheat， lung- phlegm， and heat- phlegm. With a class interval of 24， 2 cluster units could be obtained， among which the syndrome elements on location of disease like lung and exterior and the syndrome elements on nature of disease like heat，blood heat，external wind，phlegm，fluid retention and cold were classified as one class， while the syndrome elements on location of disease like heart spirit and small intestine and the syndrome elements on nature of disease like toxin，block，stirring wind and dampness were classified as one class. The effect of fluid retention syndrome element on the occurrence of laryngeal obstruction in children with acute laryngitis was statistically significant (P＜0.05). There was no significant difference in the effects of exterior， external wind， block， blood heat and leukocyte increase on the occurrence of laryngeal obstruction in children with acute laryngitis (P＞0.05). Conclusion：The incidence of acute laryngitis in children is caused by the pathogen of wind heat and wind cold invading the lung or excessive phlegm-heat obstructing lung qi，lung failing to diffuse and govern descent，as well as inhibited opening and closing of glottis. It can be seen that fluid retention syndrome element is a risk factor for laryngeal obstruction in children with acute laryngitis.