Abstract： Objective： To observe the clinical effect of the therapy of Shugan Anshen Decoction combined with Esazolam Tablets in treating insomnia of liver constraint and qi stagnation，and phlegm-heat harassing the interior types. Methods：A total of 80 patients with insomnia were selected and divided into the control group and the study group according to random number table method，with 40 patients in each group. The control group was treated with Esazolam Tablets，and the study group was additionally treated with Shugan Anshen Decoction based on the treatment of the control group. The two groups were treated for four weeks. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI)， polysomnography parameters and serum neurotransmitter levels were compared between the two groups，and adverse reactions were also counted between the two groups. Results：The total effective rate was 95.00% in the study group，higher than that of 72.50% in the control group (P＜0.05). After treatment，the total sleep time and sleep efficiency in the two groups were increased when compared with those before treatment，and the sleep latency time and wake time were decreased when compared with those before treatment (P＜0.05). The total sleep time and sleep efficiency in the study group were higher than those in the control group，and the sleep latency time and wake time were lower than those in the control group (P＜0.05). After treatment， the levels of norepinephrine (NE)， gamma- aminobutyric acid (GABA) and 5- hydroxytryptamine (5- HT) in the two groups were increased when compared with those before treatment (P＜0.05)； and the levels of NE， GABA and 5-HT in the study group were higher than those in the control group (P＜0.05). After treatment， the PSQI scores and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome scores in the two groups were decreased when compared with those before treatment (P＜0.05)， and the PSQI score and each TCM syndrome score in the study group were lower than those in the control group (P＜0.05). Conclusion： Based on the theory of “shaoyang as the pivot”，Shugan Anshen Decoction has a significant effect on the treatment of insomnia of liver constraint and qi stagnation and phlegm- heat harassing the interior type， which can prolong the sleep time of patients，improve sleep quality，alleviate insomnia symptoms，and has great safety.