Abstract： Objective： To observe the curative effect of Yuchuang Shengji Decoction combined with external fumigation and washing of Chinese medicine on damp- heat pouring downward syndrome after surgery for anal fistula. Methods：A total of 205 cases of patients underwent surgery for anal fistula were selected and divided into the Potassium Permanganate group，the Yuchuang Shengji Decoction group，the external fumigation and washing of Chinese medicine group and the combination group according to the random number table method，with 52，50，51 and 52 cases in each group respectively. After surgery， the Potassium Permanganate group was treated with fumigation and washing with Potassium Permanganate solution， the Yuchuang Shengji Decoction group was given the oral administration of Yuchuang Shengji Decoction，the external fumigation and washing of Chinese medicine group was treated with external fumigation and washing of Chinese medicine， and the combination group was treated with Yuchuang Shengji Decoction combined with external fumigation and washing of Chinese medicine. All the groups were treated for 21 days. The clinical effects and wound healing were compared among the four groups. The changes in wound symptom scores，inflammatory factors [hypersensitive C- reactive protein (hs- CRP)， and tumor necrosis factor- α (TNF- α)]， vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels and safety indexes after surgery and in 21 days after surgery were compared among the four groups. Results： The total effective rate was 96.15% in the combination group， 84.62% in the Potassium Permanganate group， 82.00% in the Yuzhuang Shengji Decoction group and 82.35% in the external fumigation and washing of Chinese medicine group (P＜0.05). On the day after surgery，there was no significant difference being found in the comparison of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome scores among the four groups (P＞0.05). On the day 21 after surgery，TCM syndrome scores in the four groups were decreased when compared with those on the day after surgery (P＜0.05)，and the score in the combination group was lower than those in the other three groups (P＜0.05). On the day 7 after surgery，there was no significant difference being found in the comparison of wound healing rates among the four groups (P＞0.05). On the days 14 and 21 after surgery，the wound healing rates in the combination group were higher than those in the other three groups (P＜0.05)，and the wound exudate time and healing time in the combination group were shorter than those in the other three groups (P＜0.05). On the day after surgery， there was no significant difference being found in the comparison of the scores of wound symptoms like edema， granulation and pain among the four groups (P＞0.05). On the day 21 after surgery，the scores of wound symptoms like edema，granulation and pain in the four groups were decreased when compared with those on the day after surgery (P＜0.05)，and the scores in the combination groups were lower than those in the other three groups (P＜0.05). The incidence of granulation tissue edema and granulation tissue ulcer in the combination group was lower than those in the other three groups (P＜0.05). On the day 21 after surgery， the levels of TNF-α and hs-CRP in the four groups were decreased when compared with those on the day after surgery (P＜0.05)， and VEGF levels were increased when compared with those on the day after surgery (P＜0.05)；the levels of TNF-α and hs-CRP in the combination group were lower than those in the other three groups (P＜0.05)，and the level of VEGF was higher than those in the other three groups (P＜ 0.05). There was no significant difference being found in the comparison of the incidence of wound infection， urinary retention and constipation between the combination group and the other 3 groups (P＞ 0.05). Conclusion：Yuchuang Shengji Decoction combined with external fumigation and washing has a good curative effect on damp- heat pouring downward syndrome after surgery for anal fistula， which can promote postoperative wound healing，improve wound healing quality and alleviate wound symptoms.