Abstract： Objective： To observe the clinical effect of Compound Yuxingcao Mixture on acute pharyngitis and its effect on serum inflammatory factors and immune function. Methods ： A total of 150 cases of patients with acute pharyngitis were selected as the study subjects and randomly divided into the observation group and the control group，with 75 cases in each group. The observation group received treatment with Cefixime Capsules combined with Compound Yuxingcao Mixture， and the control group was treated with Cefixime Capsules. Both groups were treated continuously for 5 days. The clinical effects， symptom disappearance time， and adverse reactions were comapred between two groups. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome scores， cellular immune function [T lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood including CD3+ and CD4+，type 1 helper T cells (Th1 cells)，type 2 helper T cells (Th2 cells)，CD4+/ CD8+，and Th1/Th2]，and levels of serum inflammatory factors [interleukin-6 (IL-6)，interferon- γ (INF-γ)， C-reactive protein (CRP)，secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA)，interleukin-1β (IL-1β)，and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)] were compared before and after treatment. Results：The total effective rate was 94.67% in the observation group，and 80.00% in the control group，the difference being significant (P＜0.05). The disappearance time for pharyngeal pain， pharyngeal mucosal redness and swelling， pharyngeal burning， hoarseness， and foreign body sensation in the throat， as well as temperature stabilization time in the observation group were shorter than those in the control group， differences being significant (P＜0.05). After treatment， the scores of TCM syndromes such as dysphagia， dry and burning throat， sore throat， thirst， aversion to cold， and fever in the two groups were decreased when compared with those before treatment (P＜0.05)， and the above scores in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P＜0.05). After treatment，the levels of CD3+，CD4+，CD4+/CD8+，Th1，and Th1/Th2 in peripheral blood in the two groups were increased when compared with those before treatment (P＜0.05)， and the above five levels in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P＜0.05). After treatment，the levels of TNF-α，IL-1β，CRP and IL-6 in serum in the two groups were decreased when compared with those before treatment (P＜0.05)， and the levels of INF- γ and SIgA in serum were increased when compared with those before treatment (P＜0.05)；the levels of TNF- α，IL-1β，CRP and IL-6 in serum in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P＜0.05)，and the levels of INF-γ and SIgA in serum were higher than those in the control group (P＜0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions was 10.67% in the observation group，and 6.67% in the control group，there being no significant difference (P＞0.05). Conclusion： Compound Yuxingcao Mixture for acute pharyngitis can alleviate the inflammatory responses in the body， enhance immune function， significantly improve TCM syndromes， and accelerate disease recovery，with significant clinical effects and good safety.