Abstract： Objective： To explore the medication rules of XU Xiancha in diagnosis and treatment of pediatric cough based on data mining. Methods： XU Xiancha's prescriptions for pediatric cough were collected and sorted out for study. The onset seasons， etiologies， treatment methods and frequency of medicinal use in treating pediatric cough were statistically analyzed. The times of use，frequency，nature， flavor， channel entry and effects of high-frequency medicinals were counted， and the association rule analysis and cluster analysis were carried out. The visualization analysis was carried out by Cytoscape 3.9.1 software and Dycharts web page. Results：The onset season of pediatric cough in Shaoxing was mainly in autumn and winter. The main etiologies were mainly warm，dampness，summerheat，diet，phlegm，fire and wind pathogen. The most common treatment methods were clearing and removing，and clearing and releasing. There were 142 Chinese medicinals involved， and the top five Chinese medicinals in terms of frequency of use were Citri Exocarpium Rubrum，Peucedani Radix，Eupatorium Fortunei Turcz，Fritillariae Thunbrgii Bulbus and Trichosanthis Radix. The high-frequency Chinese medicinals were mainly bitter in flavour and cold in nature，and mainly entered the lung and stomach channels. The top five high-frequency medicinal pairs in the association degree were Citri Exocarpium Rubrum-Peucedani Radix， Eupatorium Fortunei Turcz-Peucedani Radix， Eupatorium Fortunei Turcz-Citri Exocarpium Rubrum， Fritillariae Thunbrgii Bulbus-Peucedani Radix， and Fritillariae Thunbrgii Bulbus-Citri Exocarpium Rubrum. Cluster analysis showed that those Chinese medicinals could be classified into three categories. Conclusion： The medication rules reflect XU Xiancha's academic thought of treating pediatric cough with removing dampness， emphasis on the lung and the spleen， and syndrome differentiation. XU Xiancha's main methods for treating pediatric cough are to diffuse the lung and scatter wind， to direct qi downward and dissolve phlegm，and to clear heat and drain dampness.