Abstract： Objective： To observe the clinical effect of Yiqi Shengxue Decoction on myelosuppression after chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Methods： A total of 62 cases of patients with myelosuppression after chemotherapy for AML were selected and divided into the control group and the observation group according to the random number table method， with 31 cases in each group. Both groups were treated with DA chemotherapy. After chemotherapy， the control group was treated with recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor injection， and the observation group was additionally treated with Yiqi Shengxue Decoction based on the treatment of the control group. Both groups were treated for three consecutive courses， with three weeks being a course . The clinical effects in the two groups were evaluated； traditional Chinese medicine syndrome scores， blood routine indexes， the occurrence time of myelosuppression， the recovery time of myelosuppression and the immune function were compared between the two groups. Results：The total effective rate was 93.55% in the observation group， higher than that of 74.19% in the control group (P＜0.05). After treatment， traditional Chinese medicine syndrome scores in the two groups were decreased when compared with those before treatment (P＜0.05)， and the traditional Chinese medicine syndrome score in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (P＜0.05). After treatment，the levels of hemoglobin (Hb)，white blood cell count (WBC)，neutrophil (NEUT) and blood platelet count (BPC) in the two groups were increased when compared with those before treatment (P＜0.05)， and the levels of Hb， WBC， NEUT and BPC in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P＜0.05). When compared with those in the control group， the occurrence time of myelosuppression in the observation group was relatively late， and the recovery time of myelosuppression was relatively early (P＜0.05). There was no significant difference in immune function indexes in the observation group before and after treatment (P＞0.05). After treatment， CD3+ ， CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ in the control group were decreased when compared with those before treatment， and CD8+ levels were increased when compared with those before treatment (P＜0.05). After treatment，CD3+，CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ in the observation group were higher than those in control group， and CD8+ was lower than that in the control group (P＜0.05). Conclusion： Yiqi Shengxue Decoction for myelosuppression after chemotherapy for AML can alleviate the symptoms and signs of patients，improve blood routine indexes， delay the occurrence time of myelosuppression， promote the recovery of myelosuppression，and protect the immune function of patients.