Abstract： Objective： To observe the effects of modified Jianpi Yiqi Prescription combined with rehabilitation training on cognitive function and prognosis of patients with craniocerebral injury. Methods：A total of 112 cases of patients with craniocerebral injury were divided into the control group and the observation group according to the random number table method， with 56 cases in each group. Both groups were treated with hematoma removal；the control group was intervened with rehabilitation training， and the observation group was intervened with modified Jianpi Yiqi Prescription combined with rehabilitation training. Both groups were treated for eight weeks. The clinical effects in the two groups were compared. The scores of Loeweistein Occupational Therapy Cognitive Assessment (LOCTA)， Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA)， Barthel Index (BI)， National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS)， Glasgo Coma Scale (GCS) and Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS)，and the levels of Obestatin，fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) and C-reactive protein (CRP) in serum before and after treatment were compared between the two groups. Results： The good rate was 53.57% in the observation group， which was higher than that of 32.14% in the control group (P＜0.05). After treatment， the LOCTA scores of perception， orientation， cognitive function and visual motor were increased in the two groups (P＜0.05)， and the above scores in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P＜0.05). After treatment，FMA scores of upper and lower limbs and BI scores in the two groups were increased (P＜0.05)，and the scores in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P＜0.05). After treatment，the NIHSS scores in the two groups were decreased (P＜0.05)，and the score in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (P＜0.05)；the scores of GCS and GOS were increased (P＜0.05)，and the scores in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P＜0.05). After treatment， the levels of Obestatin， FGF23 and CRP in serum in the two groups were decreased (P＜0.05)， and the levels in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P＜0.05). Conclusion： Modified Jianpi Yiqi Prescription combined with rehabilitation training can effectively improve the cognitive function and motor function of patients with craniocerebral injury，enhance their activities of daily living，reduce the levels of Obestatin，FGF23 and CRP in serum ，and improve the prognosis.