Abstract： Objective： To observe the clinical effect of modified Jufei Decoction combined with chemotherapy for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with yin deficiency and internal heat syndrome. Methods：A total of 76 patients with advanced (stageⅢb/Ⅳ) NSCLC were selected and divided into the observation group and the control group， with 38 cases in each group， using a random number table method. The control group received TP regimen chemotherapy， and the observation group received modified Jufei Decoction on the basis of the control group. The short-term curative effects，yin deficiency and internal heat syndrome scores， toxic side reactions， and oxidative stress related indicators were compared between the two groups. Results： After treatment， the total effective rate of the observation group in the short-term was 73.68%，which was higher than that of 50.00% in the control group (P＜0.05). After three and six weeks of treatment， the yin deficiency and internal heat syndrome scores in the observation group gradually decreased when compared with those before treatment，and were lower than those in the control group (P＜0.05). The incidence of gastrointestinal reactions in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (P＜0.05). After treatment， the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC)， superoxide dismutase (SOD)， and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) levels in serum in both groups were decreased when compared with those before treatment (P＜0.05)， but the T-AOC， SOD， and GSH-PX levels in serum in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P＜0.05). Conclusion： The short-term curative effect of modified Jufei Decoction combined with chemotherapy in the treatment of advanced NSCLC patients with yin deficiency and internal heat syndrome is significant， which can improve clinical symptoms，reduce toxic side reactions，and alleviate oxidative stress response damage.