Abstract： The theory of preventive treatment of disease in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is a characteristic health concept of TCM. With the implementation of the health policy of "Healthy China 2030"， the theory of preventive treatment of disease in TCM has attracted more and more social attention. By analysing the current situation of the general public's cognition of the concept of preventive treatment of disease in TCM in China，the author finds that the general public's cognition and acceptance of this concept are generally low， and they fail to correctly understand its basic connotation， which are related to social popularization， the masses themselves and the government's support policies. The author believes that a series of measures such as strengthening the inheritance and innovation of TCM culture， innovating the publicity forms of preventive treatment of disease， training TCM talents， and implementing policy incentives will create a strong atmosphere of TCM， increase the publicity of TCM， strengthen the construction of TCM team，and guide the development of TCM to improve the promotion of the concept of preventive treatment of disease， better construct the health service system of preventive treatment of disease，and promote the building of a healthy China.