Abstract： Objective： To observe the clinical effect of the combination use of modified Buqi Zengye Decoction and acupuncture on slow transit constipation (STC) of dual deficiency of qi and yin type. Methods： A total of 90 cases of STC patients of dual deficiency of qi and yin type were selected and assigned to the trial group， the control group 1 and the control group 2 according to the random number table method， with 30 cases in each group. Two cases were culled in the control group 1 and one case was culled in the control group 2，and finally 30，28 and 29 cases were included in the trial group，the control group 1 and the control group 2 respectively. The control group 1 was treated with modified Buqi Zengye Decoction，the control group 2 was treated with acupuncture and the trial group was combination use of modified Buqi Zengye Decoction and acupuncture. The three groups were treated for 30 days. The clinical effects，scores of constipation-related symptoms，results of discharged marker，and levels of gastrointestinal hormones [substance P (SP) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)] were compared between the three groups； the treatment safety was evaluated. Results：After treatment，the total effective rate was 96.67% in the trial group，higher than that of 75.00% in the control group 1 and 68.97% in the control group 2 (P＜0.05). The scores of stools characters， abdominal distention， difficulty in defecation， defecation time， straining， endless defecation and defecation frequency in the three groups were down-regulated when compared with those before treatment (P＜0.05)，and the above six scores in the trial group were lower than those in the control group 1 and the control group 2 (P＜0.05). The number of transit abnormalities in the three groups were reduced when compared with those before treatment (P＜0.05)， and the number of transit abnormalities in the trial group was less than that in the control group 1 and the control group 2 (P＜0.05)； the number of discharged 48 h marker and 72 h marker，and the rate of discharged 72 h marker in the three groups were elevated when compared with those before treatment (P＜0.05)，and the above three indexes in the trial group were higher than those in the control group 1 and the control group 2 (P＜0.05). The serum SP levels in the three groups were increased when compared with those before treatment (P＜0.05)，and the serum VIP levels were dwindled when compared with those before treatment (P＜0.05)；the serum SP level in the trial group was higher than that in the control group 1 and the control group 2 (P＜0.05)，and the serum VIP level was lower than that in the control group 1 and the control group 2 (P＜0.05). There was no significant difference being found in the comparisons of above indexes between the control group 1 and the control group 2 (P＞0.05). There was no adverse reaction in the three groups during the treatment. Conclusion： The combination use of modified Buqi Zengye Decoction and acupuncture has a definite curative effect on STC of dual deficiency of qi and yin type， which can effectively improve the clinical symptoms and the colonic transit activity， and regulate the levels of gastrointestinal hormones with great safety.