Abstract： Objective： To observe the clinical effect of Bushen Huoxue Decoction combined with five-point support function exercise in the treatment of residual low back pain after vertebroplasty. Methods：A total of 70 cases of patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures who underwent vertebroplasty were selected and randomly divided into the control group and the observation group，with 35 cases in each group， using a random number table method. The control group was treated with conventional western medicine， and the observation group was treated with Bushen Huoxue Decoction combined with five-point support function exercise on the basis of the treatment of the control group. Both groups were treated for one month. Evaluated the clinical effects of the two groups， compared the pain degree， lumbar dysfunction， and lumbar function before and after treatment， and observed the occurrence of adverse reactions. Results： The total effective rate was 91.43% in the observation group， which was higher than the control group's 71.43% (P＜0.05). After two weeks and one month of treatment， the visual analogue scale (VAS) scores and Oswestry disability index (ODI) in both groups were decreased when compared with those before treatment (P＜0.05)；the VAS and ODI scores in the observation group were lower than those in the control group at the same time point (P＜0.05). After two weeks and one month of treatment，the Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA) scores in both groups were raised when compared with those before treatment (P＜0.05)；the JOA score in the observation group was higher than that in the control group at the same time point (P＜0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions was 2.86% in the observation group， lower than that of 17.14% in the control group (P＜0.05). Conclusion： The combination of Bushen Huoxue Decoction and five-point support functional exercise has a good therapeutic effect on patients after vertebroplasty， which can effectively improve residual low back pain and improve lumbar function.