Abstract： Objective： To study the action mechanism of Chaihu Qinggan Decoction (CHQGT) in the treatment of granulomatous mastitis (GM) by means of network pharmacology combined with experimentation. Methods：First，the active components of CHQGT were obtained from public database， and the corresponding targets and GM disease targets were predicted. The component-target network was constructed by Cytoscape software； the target of CHQGT in GM treatment was obtained by constructing Venn diagram. GO function annotation and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were performed. Molecular docking is then performed to assess the affinity of the key protein to the relevant compound. Last，a GM rat model was established to verify the main target proteins involved in the predictive signaling pathway，so as to explore the mechanism of CHQGT inhibiting disease progression. Results ： The study showed that 235 active ingredients and 260 potential targets in CHQGT and 224 targets related to GM disease were excavated，and 27 common targets of CHQGT and disease were obtained. Go envichment analysis involves 1 400 biological processes， while KEGG pathway enrichement analysis involves 68 signaling pathways. Molecular docking showed that IL-1β was well bound to Quercetin， the main component of CHQGT. Animal studies showed that CHQGT administration not only slowed down the progression of mass in GM rats but also reduced inflammatory infiltration in the lesion area， inhibited the expression of NF- κB and serum levels of tumor necrosis factor- α (TNF- α)， interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). Conclusion：Network pharmacological analysis predicted that CHQGT could regulate various components， targets and pathways，so as to have therapeutic effects on GM. Animal experiments have confirmed that the action mechanism of CHQGT in GM treatment is to inhibit the progression of inflammation by regulating the NF-κB signaling pathway and key proteins such as IL-1β and IL-6.